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TimeRef.com
  • Episodes
    Episode Index
    Key Dates Timelines
    By Category
    This day in history
  • People
    A..Z List of Medieval People
    Kings and Queens of England Kings of Scotland Kings of France Kings of Denmark Emperors of Byzantine Popes and Antipopes Crusader States and their Rulers
    Family Trees
  • Life
    Life in Medieval Times
    Life in a Castle The Feudal System Country Life and Agriculture Life in a Medieval Town Life in a Religious Community
  • Castles
    Castle Index Page Castle Development
    Early Fortifications Motte and Bailey Castles Square Keeps Castles of William the Conqueror Concentric Castles Castles of Edward I
    Castle Siege Tactics Parts of a Castle
    Locations of over 300 Castles UK Castles by County
  • Places
    A..Z list of Medieval Buildings 3D Virtual Reconstructions Maps Photographs
    Abbeys and Monasteries Cathedrals Medieval Architecture
  • 3D/VR
    3D Virtual Reconstructions VR Experiences
    Virtual Motte and Bailey Castle Virtual Norman Keep Virtual Siege Engines
    Bodiam Castle Skenfrith Castle Middleham Castle The White Tower Etal Castle
    Knights Training
  • More
    Test your Knowledge
    Glossary of Terms Scriptorium
    Games Early Access
    Copyright / About TimeRef.com Contact the Author
Glossary
Glossary

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Current Filter: Architecture

P

Palisade A wooden wall or fence

Pall A rich cloth covering

Pantry A store-room for bread

Parados Low wall on the inner edge of a tower or above the eaves of a wall

Parapet Low wall on the outer edge of a tower or above the eaves of a wall

Pediment Low-pitched gable above a portico, doors, windows, etc.

Peel Tower Small fortified tower usually rectangular

Pennon A flag with tails hung on the lance to indicate a knight-bachelor.

Perpendicular The last of the styles of Gothic architecture between 1350 and 1550. (More...)

Pier Freestanding pillar of different shapes used to support the weight of walls above

Pilaster A flat column partially built into a wall for ornamental purposes.

Pillar A vertical member usually shaped round, square or polygonal used to support a load

Pinnacle A small tower, usually tapered at the top

Plinth Projecting masonry, often with decorative mouldings, and reserved for the clergy

Pointed the architecture commonly known as Gothic characterised with the pointed arch.

Portcullis A trellis-work gate that is lowered and raised in grooves in a passage

Postern Small entrance of a tower or wall used the main gate is out of use. Can be used as means of escape when castle in under siege

Precinct The close and buildings surrounding and including a Cathedral

Presbytery The east end of the church containing the high alter

Priory A monastic community of monks or nuns run by a prior or prioress and the buildings they occupy

Q

Quatrefoil Window tracery shaped like a four petalled flower

Quire As Choir - The area of the church where the choristers and clergy sit

Quoins Cut stones used at the corners of buildings

R

Rampart A surrounding wall or raised earthwork

Ravelin A triangular enclosure protecting an entrance to a fort

Refectory Dining-hall

Reredorter Toilets that empty into a stream

Reredos Wall covering or screen behind the alter decorated with the twelve apostles

Respond Half pillar at the end of an arcade built against a wall

Retro-Choir The part of the church beyond the presbytery. East of the high alter. Not the Lady Chapel

Rib Arched section that supports the vault

Ring-work A roughly circular earthwork made from a ditch and bank

Romanesque Architectural style of the Saxon period with round arches (More...)

Rood The cross of Christ

Rood Screen Stone or wooden screen division of the nave from the choir

Rose-Window A circular window that is built of tracery in the form of a rose

Roundel A round disc or panel. As in a stained glass window

Virtual Buildings

Transport yourself back up to a thousand years and explore historical buildings as they may have appeared in the past.

Explore the bailey and wooden tower keep of a Norman motte and bailey castle

Explore all four floors of a Norman square keep similar to Dover Castle that was built in the twelfth century.

Explore a siege landscape and learn about the siege engines used to destroy a castle.

Explore a reconstruction of Stokesay Castle, a fortified manor house from the fifteenth century.

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Explore the White Tower

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Adventure Game - Early Access

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Medieval Village - Early Access

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Explore the White Tower

Explore four floors of the keep at the Tower of London.

 

Adventure Game - Early Access

Early Access to the TimeRef card-based Adventure Game.

 

Medieval Village - Early Access

Explore the medieval village.

 

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