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Biography
Biography
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Francis (II, King of France 1559-1560)

 Born1544  Born At
 DiedDecember 1560 Buried At
rancis was the son of Henry II, King of France. Francis became king of France at the age of fifteen after his father was accidentally killed while taking part in a tournament to celebrate a wedding. Francis was married to Mary, Queen of Scots who had been sent to France for her own protection. The marriage did not last long as Francis suffered from poor health and he died in December of 1560. They had no children. He was followed by his brother Charles IX.

 

Family Tree Details

Francis (II, King of France 1559-1560) (b.1544 - d.1560)
+Mary (Stuart, Queen of Scotland) (b.1542 - d.1587)

Timeline

1548    (Age: 4yrs)
Jul
The French arrive in Scotland

The request of the Scottish Regent, Mary of Guise, for help to fight the English was answered by the arrival of an army of several thousand French. The assistance came on condition that her daughter Mary Stuart should marry the French Dauphin, Francis.

1557    (Age: 13yrs)
Dec
The Lords of the Congregation

A group of Scottish Lords signed a covenant promising to support the advancement 'the most blessed Word of God' and to push forward the Reformation in Scotland. This was a move against what they saw as the threat from France which came from the marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots to the French Dauphin. They called themselves the Lords of the Congregation.

1558    (Age: 14yrs)
Apr 19
Betrothal of Mary and Dauphin Francis

An agreement was reached between the Scottish commissioners and the French king Henry II for the marriage of Mary, Queen of Scots and Francis, the Dauphin of France. The terms of the agreement allowed the Scots to maintain their traditional rights and would become united with France when Francis became King of France. It was also agreed that if Mary died without having children the Scottish throne would go to the Earl of Arran.

Apr 24
Marriage and a secret agreement

Mary, Queen of Scots married Francis, the Dauphin of France. A secret marriage agreement was signed by Mary giving control of Scotland to France if she died without having children.

1559    (Age: 15yrs)
Jul 10
Henry II killed after a tournament accident

Henry II, the French king, was accidentally injured during a tournament celebrating a wedding. He was taking part in a joust and the tip of a lance went into his eye. Infection set it and he died a short time afterwards. Henry was succeeded by his son Francis II, the husband of Mary Stuart.

Sep 18
Coronation of Francis II, King of France

Francis II was crowned King of France at Rheims Cathedral. The ceremony was subdued because of the untimely death of his father.

1560    (Age: 16yrs)
Dec
Death of Francis II, King of France

Francis II, King of France died at the age of sixteen from an abscess in his brain. He had suffered from poor health throughout his life.

Selection of references used:

  • 1. John Prebble, The Lion in the North, ISBN:0-14-00.3652-0
  • 2. Richard Oram, The Kings and Queens of Scotland, ISBN:0-7524-3814-X
  • 3. Antonia Fraser, Mary Queen of Scots

    See Also

      People

      • Henry (II, King of France 1547-1559)
      • Mary (Stuart, Queen of Scotland)
      • A .. Z List of Medieval People

      Event Map

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