hen Margaret, the Maid of Norway died while travelling from Norway to Scotland to claim the Scottish throne, a problem arose as to who should become the next king of Scotland. A court controlled by King Edward I chose John Balliol as the next King of the Scots. Balliol was a descendant of David I. He was crowned on 30th November 1292. In 1295 Edward I insisted that the Scots help him attack the French king Philippe IV, but the Scots made an alliance with the French instead. Edward I had little choice but the attack Scotland. In July 1296 Edward defeated Balliol at the battle of Dunbar. After spending some time as a prisoner of the English, Balliol was released and went to live in France. John had a son called Edward who would himself become King of the Scots.Biography
Biography
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Balliol, John (King of Scotland 1292-1296)
| Born | circa 1249 | Born At | |
| Died | 1313 | Buried At |
| Born | circa 1249 / |
| Died | 1313 / |
hen Margaret, the Maid of Norway died while travelling from Norway to Scotland to claim the Scottish throne, a problem arose as to who should become the next king of Scotland. A court controlled by King Edward I chose John Balliol as the next King of the Scots. Balliol was a descendant of David I. He was crowned on 30th November 1292. In 1295 Edward I insisted that the Scots help him attack the French king Philippe IV, but the Scots made an alliance with the French instead. Edward I had little choice but the attack Scotland. In July 1296 Edward defeated Balliol at the battle of Dunbar. After spending some time as a prisoner of the English, Balliol was released and went to live in France. John had a son called Edward who would himself become King of the Scots.Related Episodes
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Edward I and Scotland (click here)
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Family Tree Details
Balliol, John (King of Scotland 1292-1296) (b.1249? - d.1313)
Balliol, John (King of Scotland 1292-1296) (b.1249? - d.1313)
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Timeline
1291(Age: 42yrs)
King Edward I met the claimants for the Scottish crown at Norham. There were three main claimants to the throne all of whom were descended from David Earl of Huntingdon, the brother of William the Lion who died in 1214. There were many claimants but the three main contenders were John Balliol, Robert Bruce and John Hastings. The decision was delayed until the following year to allow all the facts to be taken into account. [1]
1292(Age: 43yrs)
The Isle of Man was surrendered to John Balliol by the order by King Edward I.
At Berwick King Edward I declared John Balliol to be the new Scottish King. [1]
Balliol was crowned at Scone Abbey on St. Andrew's Day.
1295(Age: 46yrs)
John Balliol went to France and arranged the Treaty Auld Alliance (Content ?) [1]
1296(Age: 47yrs)
Mar 30
King Edward ordered his army to attack the badly fortified town of Berwick. Many Scots were killed in the two days of the attack and possibly somewhere between 7000 and 17000 men, women and children were slaughtered.
In March of 1296 King Edward I had attacked and sacked Berwick. Balliol renounced homage to England. [1]
Apr 27
John Balliol was defeated at the battle of Dunbar by King Edward I.
The English had taken many castles and in July 1296 Balliol surrendered to King Edward I and was imprisoned in the Tower of London. Edward advanced to Elgin and on his return to England took the Stone of Scone. [1]
1299(Age: 50yrs)
King Edward released John Balliol from the Tower of London and placed him into the custody of Pope Boniface to be held in papal residence. This arrangement ended a few years later and Balliol retired to his family's ancestral home in Picardy.
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Selection of references used:
- 1: J.D. Mackie, A History of Scotland, 1978, ISBN:0-7139-1206-5, Penguin Books (1978), Harborne Library
