Biographies
Biographies
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Biographies of lesser people starting with B

The people listed on this page currently have less information so do not warrant a page of their own. As this website evolves and more information is added these people will be promoted to individual pages.

Fantasy image of Bacon, Roger
Bacon, Roger
Fantasy image of Ball, John
Ball, John
Fantasy image of Berengaria (of Navarre, Queen of England)
Berengaria (of Navarre, Queen of England)
Fantasy image of Brandon, Charles (Duke of Suffolk)
Brandon, Charles (Duke of Suffolk)

Please note: Portraits on this page are not intented to be accurate depictions of the individuals.

Bacon, Roger

Born: 1214 Died: 1294

A friar who was skilled in alchemy, astronomy, mathematics, optics, etc., and apparently understood the concepts of gunpowder/ He studied both at Oxford and Paris,where he received a degree. In 1266 he wrote to Pope Clement IV proposing a scientific encyclopaedia. The Pope mistaking his request thinking Bacon had produced one and wanting to see it, forced Bacon to write the whole thing himself. In 1278 he was imprisoned for his writings.

Baldred (of Kent)

aldred was the king of Kent from around 823 to 825/6. It is unsure if Baldred ruled Kent as an indepenent area or if he ruled as a sub-king of Mercia. His rule ended when Ethelwulf son of King Egbert of Wessex attacked Kent. After this Kent was ruled by sub-kings of Wessex until it was fully incorporated.

Baldwin (of Boulogne)

Born: 1126 Died: circa 1135

aldwin was the son of Stephen, King of England and Matilda of Boulogne. Baldwin died at the age of around 10 years.

See Also

Other

Parents

Fantasy image of Stephen (of Blois, king of England 1135-1154)
Stephen (of Blois, king of England 1135-1154)
Fantasy image of Matilda (Countess of Boulogne, Queen of England)
Matilda (Countess of Boulogne, Queen of England)

 

Family Tree Details

Father:Stephen (of Blois, king of England 1135-1154) (b.1100 - d.1154)
Mother:Matilda (Countess of Boulogne, Queen of England) ( - d.1152)
 Baldwin (of Boulogne) (b.1126 - d.1135?)
 Baldwin (of Boulogne) (b.1126 - d.1135?)

Ball, John

Born: 1338 Died: 1381

John Ball was one of the leaders of the Peasant's Revolt of 1381. Ball was a priest who wandered from village to village preaching equality. He was arrested for his beliefs and was freed from prison by rebels led by Wat Tyler. Ball was hanged at the end of the revolt.

See Also

    People

    Timeline

    1347(Age: 9yrs)

    Kipchak Mongols besieging a Genoese trading centre on the Crimean coast catapulted their own dead into the city. The cause of death was a mysterious disease. The Genoese escaped by sea taking the 'Black Death' with them. They landed at Messina in Sicily. Black Death or Bubonic plague was spread by the rat flea. The name Black Death came from the colour of the swelling in the groin, armpit or neck. The person suffering went into a coma and dies soon after. In Europe an estimated 25 million people died. The plague reached Britain in 1348 and again in 1360 and the population may have been reduced by a half. [1]

    1381(Age: 43yrs)

    The Kentish section of the Revolt reached Maidstone where they were joined by Wat Tyler who became their leader. They released John Ball from the church prison. [1]

    Beauchamp, Margaret (of Bletsoe)

    Born: circa 1410 Died: 1482

    argaret Beauchamp of Bletsoe was the mother of Lady Margaret Beaufort. Lady Margaret married Edmund Tudor and was the mother of Henry VII, king of England.

     

    Family Tree Details

     Beauchamp, Margaret (of Bletsoe) (b.1410? - d.1482)
        +Beaufort, John (1st Duke of Somerset) ( - d.1444)
            = Beaufort, Lady Margaret (b.1441 - d.1509)
                +Tudor, Edmund (Earl of Richmond) ( - d.1456)
                    = Henry (VII, King of England 1485-1509) (b.1457 - d.1509)
                        +Elizabeth (of York) (b.1466 - d.1503)
                            = Arthur (Prince of Wales) (b.1486 - d.1502)
                            = Tudor, Margaret (Queen of Scotland) (b.1489 - d.1541)
                            = Henry (VIII, King of England 1509-1547) (b.1491 - d.1547)
                            = Mary (Tudor, Queen of France) (b.1495 - d.1533)
     Beauchamp, Margaret (of Bletsoe) (b.1410? - d.1482)
        +Beaufort, John (1st Duke of Somerset) ( - d.1444)
            = Beaufort, Lady Margaret (b.1441 - d.1509)
                +Tudor, Edmund (Earl of Richmond) ( - d.1456)
                    = Henry (VII, King of England 1485-1509) (b.1457 - d.1509)
                        +Elizabeth (of York) (b.1466 - d.1503)
                            = Arthur (Prince of Wales) (b.1486 - d.1502)
                            = Tudor, Margaret (Queen of Scotland) (b.1489 - d.1541)
                            = Henry (VIII, King of England 1509-1547) (b.1491 - d.1547)
                            = Mary (Tudor, Queen of France) (b.1495 - d.1533)

    Beauchamp, Thomas (12th earl of Warwick)

    Born: 1339 Died: 1401

    Thomas Beauchamp was one of the five Lords Appellant who accused several of King Richard II's advisors of treason. Thomas took part in the Battle of Radcot Bridge against the King where the king's army was defeated. In 1397 Thomas was arrested and sent to the Tower of London where the building he was imprisoned in was renamed after him as the Beauchamp Tower. When Henry IV became King of England Thomas was released from the Tower and given back his lands.

    See Also

      People

      Places

      Timeline

      1347(Age: 8yrs)

      Kipchak Mongols besieging a Genoese trading centre on the Crimean coast catapulted their own dead into the city. The cause of death was a mysterious disease. The Genoese escaped by sea taking the 'Black Death' with them. They landed at Messina in Sicily. Black Death or Bubonic plague was spread by the rat flea. The name Black Death came from the colour of the swelling in the groin, armpit or neck. The person suffering went into a coma and dies soon after. In Europe an estimated 25 million people died. The plague reached Britain in 1348 and again in 1360 and the population may have been reduced by a half. [1]

      1387(Age: 48yrs)

      Forces belonging to the Lords Appellant defeated forces led by Robert de Vere, the favourite of Richard II. The battle took place at Radcot Bridge, a bridge over the River Thames at Oxfordshire. Robert de Vere managed to escape by swimming across the Thames and then fleeing over seas. This led to King Richard temporarily being deposed.

      Beaufort, Henry (Duke of Somerset)

      Born: 1401 Died: 1418

      on of John, Earl of Somerset.

      See Also

      People

      Parents

      Fantasy image of Beaufort, John (1st Earl of Somerset)
      Beaufort, John (1st Earl of Somerset)
      Fantasy image of Holland, Margaret
      Holland, Margaret

       

      Family Tree Details

      Father:Beaufort, John (1st Earl of Somerset) ( - d.1410)
      Mother:Holland, Margaret (b.1385 - d.1439)
       Beaufort, Henry (Duke of Somerset) (b.1401 - d.1418)
       Beaufort, Henry (Duke of Somerset) (b.1401 - d.1418)

      Beaufort, Joan (Countess of Westmorland)

      Born: 1379 Died: 1440

      Joan was the daughter of John of Gaunt and Catherine Swynford as well as the granddaughter of King Edward III of England. She married Ralph Neville, Earl of Westmorland, a member of the powerful Neville family, after the death of his first wife Margaret de Stafford. Joan outlived Ralph who died in 1425 by fifteen years.

      See Also

      People

      Parents

      Fantasy image of John (of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster)
      John (of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster)
      Fantasy image of Swynford, Catherine
      Swynford, Catherine

       

      Family Tree Details

      Father:John (of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster) (b.1340 - d.1399)
      Mother:Swynford, Catherine (b.1350? - d.1403)
       Beaufort, Joan (Countess of Westmorland) (b.1379 - d.1440)
          +Neville, Ralph (Earl of Westmorland, Earl Marshal) (b.1364 - d.1425)
              = Neville, Cecily (Duchess of York) (b.1415 - d.1495)
              |   +Richard (Duke of York) (b.1411 - d.1460)
              |       = Edward (IV, Earl of March and King of England 1461-1470, 1471-1483) (b.1442 - d.1483)
              |       |   +Woodville, Elizabeth (b.1437 - d.1492)
              |       |       = Elizabeth (of York) (b.1466 - d.1503)
              |       |       = Edward (V, King of England 1483) (b.1470 - m.1483)
              |       |       = Richard (Duke of York, Prince in the Tower) ( - m.1483)
              |       |       = Cecily (of York) (b.1469 - d.1507)
              |       = Edmund (Earl of Rutland) (b.1443 - d.1460)
              |       = George (Duke of Clarence) (b.1449 - d.1478)
              |       |   +Neville, Isabel (Duchess of Clarence) (b.1451 - d.1476)
              |       |       = Plantagenet, Edward (Earl of Warwick) (b.1475 - d.1499)
              |       |       = Margaret (Countess of Salisbury) ( - d.1541)
              |       = Richard (III, King of England 1483-1485) (b.1452 - d.1485)
              |       |   +Neville, Anne (Duchess of Gloucester, Queen of England) (b.1456 - d.1485)
              |       |       = Edward (of Middleham, Prince of Wales) (b.1473 - d.1484)
              |       = Elizabeth (of York, Duchess of Suffolk) ( - d.1503)
              |       |   +Pole, John de la (Duke of Suffolk) ( - d.1491)
              |       |       = Pole, John de la (Earl of Lincoln) (b.1464? - d.1487)
              |       |       = Pole, Edmund de la (Earl of Suffolk) ( - d.1513)
              |       |       = Pole, Richard de la ( - d.1525)
              |       = Margaret (of York, Duchess of Burgundy) (b.1446 - d.1503)
              = Neville, Richard (Earl of Salisbury) ( - d.1460)
                  +Montacute, Alice (Daughter of Earl of Salisbury)
                      = Neville, Richard (Earl of Warwick, 'The Kingmaker') (b.1428 - d.1471)
                      |   +Anne (Beauchamp, Countess of Warwick)
                      |       = Neville, Isabel (Duchess of Clarence) (b.1451 - d.1476)
                      |       = Neville, Anne (Duchess of Gloucester, Queen of England) (b.1456 - d.1485)
                      = Neville, John (Earl of Northumberland, Lord Montague) ( - d.1471)
                      |   +Ingoldsthorpe, Isabel
                      |       = Neville, George (Duke of Bedford) (b.1461? - d.1483)
                      = Neville, George (Archbishop of York) ( - d.1476)
                      = Neville, Cecily (Duchess of Warwick) (b.1425 - d.1450)
                      |   +Beauchamp, Henry (1st Duke of Warwick) ( - d.1446)
                      |       = Beauchamp, Anne (Countess of Warwick) (b.1443? - d.1449?)
                      = Neville, Katherine (b.1442? - d.1504?)
                          +William (Lord Hastings) (b.1430? - d.1483)
       Beaufort, Joan (Countess of Westmorland) (b.1379 - d.1440)
          +Neville, Ralph (Earl of Westmorland, Earl Marshal) (b.1364 - d.1425)
              = Neville, Cecily (Duchess of York) (b.1415 - d.1495)
              |   +Richard (Duke of York) (b.1411 - d.1460)
              |       = Edward (IV, Earl of March and King of England 1461-1470, 1471-1483) (b.1442 - d.1483)
              |       |   +Woodville, Elizabeth (b.1437 - d.1492)
              |       |       = Elizabeth (of York) (b.1466 - d.1503)
              |       |       = Edward (V, King of England 1483) (b.1470 - m.1483)
              |       |       = Richard (Duke of York, Prince in the Tower) ( - m.1483)
              |       |       = Cecily (of York) (b.1469 - d.1507)
              |       = Edmund (Earl of Rutland) (b.1443 - d.1460)
              |       = George (Duke of Clarence) (b.1449 - d.1478)
              |       |   +Neville, Isabel (Duchess of Clarence) (b.1451 - d.1476)
              |       |       = Plantagenet, Edward (Earl of Warwick) (b.1475 - d.1499)
              |       |       = Margaret (Countess of Salisbury) ( - d.1541)
              |       = Richard (III, King of England 1483-1485) (b.1452 - d.1485)
              |       |   +Neville, Anne (Duchess of Gloucester, Queen of England) (b.1456 - d.1485)
              |       |       = Edward (of Middleham, Prince of Wales) (b.1473 - d.1484)
              |       = Elizabeth (of York, Duchess of Suffolk) ( - d.1503)
              |       |   +Pole, John de la (Duke of Suffolk) ( - d.1491)
              |       |       = Pole, John de la (Earl of Lincoln) (b.1464? - d.1487)
              |       |       = Pole, Edmund de la (Earl of Suffolk) ( - d.1513)
              |       |       = Pole, Richard de la ( - d.1525)
              |       = Margaret (of York, Duchess of Burgundy) (b.1446 - d.1503)
              = Neville, Richard (Earl of Salisbury) ( - d.1460)
                  +Montacute, Alice (Daughter of Earl of Salisbury)
                      = Neville, Richard (Earl of Warwick, 'The Kingmaker') (b.1428 - d.1471)
                      |   +Anne (Beauchamp, Countess of Warwick)
                      |       = Neville, Isabel (Duchess of Clarence) (b.1451 - d.1476)
                      |       = Neville, Anne (Duchess of Gloucester, Queen of England) (b.1456 - d.1485)
                      = Neville, John (Earl of Northumberland, Lord Montague) ( - d.1471)
                      |   +Ingoldsthorpe, Isabel
                      |       = Neville, George (Duke of Bedford) (b.1461? - d.1483)
                      = Neville, George (Archbishop of York) ( - d.1476)
                      = Neville, Cecily (Duchess of Warwick) (b.1425 - d.1450)
                      |   +Beauchamp, Henry (1st Duke of Warwick) ( - d.1446)
                      |       = Beauchamp, Anne (Countess of Warwick) (b.1443? - d.1449?)
                      = Neville, Katherine (b.1442? - d.1504?)
                          +William (Lord Hastings) (b.1430? - d.1483)

      Beaufort, John

      Died: May 1471

      John was the son of Edmund Beaufort, the 2nd Duke of Somerset (d. 1455). Like his elder brothers John was a fierce supporter of the Lancastrians during the Wars of the Roses. In 1471 John fourght alongside his elder brother Edmund at Battle of Tewkesbury but was killed during the fighting. Edmund was captured and executed several days later. The Beaufort brothers died without legitimate heirs and so ended the line of Beauforts.

      See Also

      People

      Parents

      Fantasy image of Beaufort, Edmund (2nd Duke of Somerset)
      Beaufort, Edmund (2nd Duke of Somerset)
      Fantasy image of Beauchamp, Eleanor
      Beauchamp, Eleanor

       

      Family Tree Details

      Father:Beaufort, Edmund (2nd Duke of Somerset) (b.1406 - d.1455)
      Mother:Beauchamp, Eleanor (b.1408? - d.1467)
       Beaufort, John ( - d.1471)
       Beaufort, John ( - d.1471)

      Beaufort, Thomas (Duke of Exeter)

      Died: 1426

      Thomas Beaufort was the son of John of Gaunt and Catherine Swynford.

      Timeline

      1416

      A French fleet laid siege to Harfleur, the French port captured by Henry V, and attempted to get it back. Harfleur was defended by Thomas Beaufort, the earl of Exeter.

      Parents

      Fantasy image of John (of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster)
      John (of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster)
      Fantasy image of Swynford, Catherine
      Swynford, Catherine

       

      Family Tree Details

      Father:John (of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster) (b.1340 - d.1399)
      Mother:Swynford, Catherine (b.1350? - d.1403)
       Beaufort, Thomas (Duke of Exeter) ( - d.1426)
       Beaufort, Thomas (Duke of Exeter) ( - d.1426)

      Benedict (XI, Pope 1303-1304)

      Born: circa 1240 Died: 6 July 1304

      Nicolas Bonasini, the Cardinal Bishop of Ostia, was chosen by the Cardinals at the Vatican Palace as the new Pope after the death of his predecessor Boniface VIII. Nicolas chose the Christian name of Boniface, Benedict. Although known as Benedict the eleventh he was actually the tenth pope to take that name. The first Pope Benedict X elected himself to the Papacy in the middle of the eleventh century but was never formally acknowledged. Nicolas was born in the Traviso region of northern Italy where he became a teacher and then entered the Order of Preaching Friars or Dominicans teaching in Venice. Once in power, Benedict strove to reverse the conflicts that existed between his predecessor and Philippe , King of France. But his papacy was short and on the 6th of July, 1304 he died. There was some suspicion that he had been poisoned but there was never any proof that this was the case.

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      People

      Timeline

      1303(Age: 63yrs)

      Nicolas Bocasini was crowned as Pope on this day.

      Benedict (XII, Pope 1334-1342)

      Born: 1285 Died: 1342

      Benedict XII was a French Cistercian monk from Foix and Pope from 1334 to 1342. The main concern of his time in office was to stop the Hundred Years War that had started during his reign.

      Timeline

      1337(Age: 52yrs)

      Two cardinals, Peter Gomez and Bertrand of Montfavence, were sent by Pope Benedict XII to Europe to try and prevent King Edward III of England and Philipe VI of France going to war. [2]

      Berengaria (of Navarre, Queen of England)

      Born: circa 1165 Died: 1230

      Berengaria, the daughter of the King of Navarre, married King Richard I of England on 12th of May 1191 on Cyprus in the chapel of St George at Limassol. They did not have any children. Berengaria had been travelling to the Holy Land as part of the crusade when her ship was forced to take refuge on the island of Cyprus in a storm. The island's ruler Isaac Comnenus refused to help the crusaders and when Richard landed on Cyprus to find his bride-to-be a fight broke out and Richard attacked and defeated the Cypriot army. Berengaria never visited England, possibly being the only Queen of England never to do so and after Richard's death she went to live at Le Mans in France where she remained until her death in 1230.

      See Also

        People

        Other

        Timeline

        1191(Age: 26yrs)

        Richard took time to marry Berengaria at Limassol. [3]

         

        Family Tree Details

         Berengaria (of Navarre, Queen of England) (b.1165? - d.1230)
            +Richard (I, King of England 1189-1199) (b.1157 - d.1199)
         Berengaria (of Navarre, Queen of England) (b.1165? - d.1230)
            +Richard (I, King of England 1189-1199) (b.1157 - d.1199)

        Bigod, Hugh (2nd Earl of Norfolk)

        Died: 1221

        on of Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norflok.

        Blount, Elizabeth

        Elizabeth was a mistress of King Henry VIII and lady-in-waiting to Catherine of Aragon. Elizabeth gave birth to a healthy son named Henry Fitzroy in 1519. Because Catherine failed to give Henry a son while his mistress had done so may have led Henry to believe it was Catherine's fault she could produce a healthy male successor and prompted their divorce.

         

        Family Tree Details

         Blount, Elizabeth
            +Henry (VIII, King of England 1509-1547) (b.1491 - d.1547)
         Blount, Elizabeth
            +Henry (VIII, King of England 1509-1547) (b.1491 - d.1547)

        Bohemund (I, Prince of Antioch 1099-1111)

        Born: circa 1050 Died: 1111

        Bohemund (or Bohemond) of Taranto was a leader of a Norman army from southern Italy and Sicily who joined the First Crusade along with his nephew Tancred. He became Bohemund I, Prince of Antioch in 1099 after Antioch had fallen to the Crusaders. His actions went against an oath he had taken promising to hand over captured lands to Alexius of Byzantine. Bohemond was captured by Muslims in 1100 but was freed in 1103 to return to Europe where he married the daughter of Philip I of France.

        See Also

          People

          Other

          Timeline

          1191

          King Richard I met Guy of Lusignan (King of Jerusalem), Geoffrey (Richard's brother), Bohemund (Prince of Antioch), Raymond (Count of Tripoli), Humphrey of Toron and other knights to discuss the attempt by Philippe II of France to replace Guy of Lusignan with Conrad of Montferrat as the King of Jerusalem. [3]

          Brandon, Charles (Duke of Suffolk)

          Born: 1485 Died: 1545

          Charles was a friend of King Henry VIII who ran off with Henry's younger sister Mary after Mary's arranged marriage with Louis XII ended when Louis died in 1515. Charles and Mary were secretly married. They were both caught and forced to pay a fine. One of Charles and Mary's descendants was Lady Jane Grey.

          See Also

          People

          Timeline

          1515(Age: 30yrs)

          Princess Mary ran away with Charles Brandon after the death of Louis XII. They were secretly married but caught and forced to pay a fine.

          Princess Mary, the younger sister of King Henry VIII, married Charles Brandon, the Duke of Suffolk at Greenwich. Henry VIII gave full consent to the marriage.

           

          Family Tree Details

           Brandon, Charles (Duke of Suffolk) (b.1485 - d.1545)
              +Mary (Tudor, Queen of France) (b.1495 - d.1533)
                  = Brandon, Frances (Lady) (b.1517 - d.1559)
                  |   +Grey, Henry (Duke of Suffolk) ( - ex.1554)
                  |       = Grey, Jane (Lady) (b.1537? - ex.1554)
                  |       = Grey, Catherine (Lady)
                  = Clifford, Eleanor (Lady) ( - d.1547)
           Brandon, Charles (Duke of Suffolk) (b.1485 - d.1545)
              +Mary (Tudor, Queen of France) (b.1495 - d.1533)
                  = Brandon, Frances (Lady) (b.1517 - d.1559)
                  |   +Grey, Henry (Duke of Suffolk) ( - ex.1554)
                  |       = Grey, Jane (Lady) (b.1537? - ex.1554)
                  |       = Grey, Catherine (Lady)
                  = Clifford, Eleanor (Lady) ( - d.1547)

          Bruce, Edward

          rother of Robert Bruce, King of Scotland.

          See Also

            People

            Places

            Timeline

            1313

            Stirling Castle was still under the control of English forces but was under siege from the Scots led by Edward Bruce. Bruce and the English commander, Sir Philippe de Mowbray, came to an agreement that if English forces had not reached the castle by midsummer 1314, Mowbray would surrender the castle to the Scots. Bruce even let Mowbray leave the castle to inform the English king of the agreement. [4]

            1315

            Edward Bruce landed in Ireland in an attempt to become King of Ireland.  [5]

            1318

            Edward Bruce was defeated and killed at the Battle of Faughart by the English led by John de Birmingham.

            Bruce, Robert (Earl of Carrick, 6th Lord of Annandale)

            Born: 1243 Died: 1304

            obert, the 6th Lord of Annandale married Marjorie, the daughter of the Earl of Carrick and inherited the Carrick title that came with her dowry. Marjorie's first marriage was to Adam of Kilconquhar, a friend of Robert who had died while both of them were on Crusade. Robert returned and had to tell Marjorie of the fate of her husband. This meeting and subsequent friendship led to their marriage. Their son, again called Robert, would become the Scottish king, Robert I.

            Parents

            Fantasy image of Bruce, Robert (Lord of Annandale)
            Bruce, Robert (Lord of Annandale)
            Fantasy image of Clare, Isabel de
            Clare, Isabel de

             

            Family Tree Details

            Father:Bruce, Robert (Lord of Annandale) ( - d.1295)
            Mother:Clare, Isabel de
             Bruce, Robert (Earl of Carrick, 6th Lord of Annandale) (b.1243 - d.1304)
                +Marjorie (of Carrick)
                    = Bruce, Robert (the Bruce, I, King of the Scots 1306-1329) (b.1274 - d.1329)
                        +Isabella (Wife of Robert I of Scotland)
                        |   = Marjorie (Daughter of Robert I, the Bruce) ( - d.1316)
                        |       +Walter (6th High Steward) ( - d.1325)
                        |           = Robert (II, King of the Scots 1371-1390) (b.1316 - d.1390)
                        +Elizabeth (2nd wife of Robert I of Scotland)
                            = David (II, King of the Scots 1329-1371) (b.1324 - d.1371)
                            |   +Joan (of the Tower) (b.1321 - d.1362)
                            = Margaret (Daughter of Robert I, the Bruce)
                            = Matilda (Daughter of Robert I, the Bruce)
             Bruce, Robert (Earl of Carrick, 6th Lord of Annandale) (b.1243 - d.1304)
                +Marjorie (of Carrick)
                    = Bruce, Robert (the Bruce, I, King of the Scots 1306-1329) (b.1274 - d.1329)
                        +Isabella (Wife of Robert I of Scotland)
                        |   = Marjorie (Daughter of Robert I, the Bruce) ( - d.1316)
                        |       +Walter (6th High Steward) ( - d.1325)
                        |           = Robert (II, King of the Scots 1371-1390) (b.1316 - d.1390)
                        +Elizabeth (2nd wife of Robert I of Scotland)
                            = David (II, King of the Scots 1329-1371) (b.1324 - d.1371)
                            |   +Joan (of the Tower) (b.1321 - d.1362)
                            = Margaret (Daughter of Robert I, the Bruce)
                            = Matilda (Daughter of Robert I, the Bruce)

            Selection of references used:

            • 1: John J. Robinson, Born in Blood, ISBN:0-87131-602-1, M. Evans & Company / New York, Geoff Bath
            • 2: T.F. Tout, The History of England
            • 3: John Gillingham, The Life and Times of Richard I, 1974, George Weidenfeld and Nicholson Limited (1974)
            • 4: Caroline Bingham, The Life and Times of Edward II
            • 5: G.A.Cambell, The Knights Templar. Their rise and fall

              Explore the White Tower

              Explore all four floors of the White Tower at the Tower of London using the Unity 3d game engine.

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              Transport yourself back up to a thousand years and explore historical buildings as they may have appeared in the past.

              A Medieval Mystery

              There appear to be some strange connections between the fourteenth century Old Wardour Castle and ancient stone circle Stonehenge.

              1: Location

              Old Wardour Castle appears to be aligned to ancient sites in the Stonehenge landscape.

              2: Alignment

              Stonehenge is aligned to the Summer Solstice. Old Wardour has a very similar alignment.

              3: Size

              Could the builders of Old Wardour used mesaurements from Stonehenge to layout the geometrical keep?

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