Emperors of Byzantine (976 .. 1453)
| From Date |
Ruler | Relationship to Predecessor | To Date |
Comments |
| 967 | Basil II and Constantine VIII | 1025 | ||
| 1025 | Constantine VIII | 1028 | ||
| 1028 | Zoë and Romanus III Argyrus | 1034 | ||
| 1034 | Zoë and Michael IV | 1041 | ||
| 1041 | Zoë and Michael V | 1042 | ||
| 1042 | Zoë and Constantine IX | 1050 | ||
| 1050 | Constantine IX | 1050 | ||
| 1052 | Theodora | 1056 | ||
| 1056 | Michael VI Stratioticus | 1057 | ||
| 1057 | Isaac I Comnenus | 1059 | ||
| 1057 | Constantine X Ducas | 1067 | ||
| 1067 | Eudoxia with Michael VII, Andronicus and Constantine | 1068 | ||
| 1068 | Romanus IV Diogenes | 1071 | ||
| 1071 | Michael VII Ducas (Restored) | 1078 | ||
| 1078 | Nicephorus III Botaniates Ducas | 1081 | ||
| 1081 | Alexius I Comnenus | 1118 | ||
| 1118 | John II Comnenus | 1143 | ||
| 1143 | Manuel I Comnenus | 1180 | ||
| 1180 | Alexius II Comnenus | 1183 | ||
| 1183 | Andronicus I Comnenus | 1185 | ||
| 1185 | Isaac II Angelus | 1195 | ||
| 1195 | Alexius III Angelus | 1203 | ||
| 1203 | Alexius IV and Isaac II Angelus | 1204 | ||
| 1204 | Alexius V Ducas | 1204 |
Kings 936 - 1319
Basil II and Constantine VIII
The Latin Emperors
The Fourth Crusade sacked Constantinople in 1204 and a Latin Kingdom was established lasting until 1261, when Michael VIII succeeded in reunifying the Empire.
| From Date |
Ruler | Relationship to Predecessor | To Date |
Comments |
| 1204 | Baldwin, Count of Flanders | 1205 | ||
| 1205 | Henry of Flanders | 1216 | ||
| 1216 | Yolande of Flanders | 1219 | ||
| 1219 | Robert of Courtenay | 1228 | ||
| 1228 | Baldwin II and Jean de Brienne (Regent) | 1237 | ||
| 1237 | Baldwin II | 1261 |
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The Nicaean Emperors
After the Fourth Crusade sacked Constantinople in 1204 the old Byzantine Empire fragmented. Under the leadership of Theodore I Lascaris the Empire of Nicaean continued in parallel with the Latin control until Constantinople was recaptured in 1261.
| From Date |
Ruler | Relationship to Predecessor | To Date |
Comments |
| 1204 | Theodore I Lascaris | 1222 | ||
| 1222 | John II Vatatzes | 1254 | ||
| 1254 | Theodore II Lascaris | 1258 | ||
| 1258 | John IV Vatatzes | 1261 | ||
| 1259 | Michael VIII Palaeologus | 1282 |
Restored Byzantine Empire
Under the leadership of Michael Palaeologus Constantinople was recaptured from the Latin army who had been in control since 1204.
| From Date |
Ruler | Relationship to Predecessor | To Date |
Comments |
| 1282 | Andronicus II the Elder | 1295 | ||
| 1282 | Michael IX and Andronicus II | 1320 | ||
| 1320 | Andronicus II | 1328 | Period of anarchy? | |
| 1328 | Andronicus III | 1341 | ||
| 1341 | John V | 1376 | ||
| 1376 | Andronicus IV | 1379 | ||
| 1379 | John V (restored) | 1391 | ||
| 1391 | Manuel II | 1425 | ||
| 1425 | John VIII | 1448 | ||
| 1448 | Constantine XI Dragases | 1453 |
Capture of Constantinople
On 29 May 1453 Mohammed II occupied Constantinople and the Empire ended.
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